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Minimizing
Stress
Before
the Crisis
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Become
familiar with the NIMS/NICS and your organization's role in it and train
personnel in its use
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Establish
clear lines of authority and responsibility minimize stress by eliminating
confusion about who reports to whom
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Provide
regular training on stress management techniques
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Create
a facility evacuation plan and practice drills regularly
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Provide
ongoing training to ensure that staff are thoroughly familiar with safety
procedures and policies
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Develop
guidelines to help workers prepare for a major event
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Maintain
an updated list of family members' contact information for each employee
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Have
a pre-established plan for how employees will check on their families if
disaster strikes during work hours
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Provide
a well-articulated chain of command
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Define
the scope and limits of workers' decision-making authority
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Organizational Approaches for Stress
Prevention and Management
During the Crisis
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE & LEADERSHIP
 | Clear
chain of command and reporting relationships |
 | Available
and accessible clinical supervisor |
 | Orientation
provided for all workers |
 | Shifts
no longer than 12 hours with 12 hours off |
 | Briefings
provided at beginning of shifts as workers exit and enter the operation |
 | Necessary
supplies available |
 | Communication
tools available |
CLEAR PURPOSE & GOALS
 | Clearly
defined goals and strategies appropriate to assignment |
FUNCTIONALLY DEFINED ROLES
 | Staff
oriented and trained with written role descriptions for each assignment
setting |
TEAM SUPPORT
 | Buddy
system for support and monitoring stress reactions |
 | Positive
atmosphere of support and tolerance with "good job" said often |
PLAN FOR STRESS MANAGEMENT
 | Workers'
functioning assessed regularly |
 | Workers
rotated between low-, mid-, and high stress tasks |
 | Breaks
and time away from assignment encouraged |
 | Education
about signs and symptoms of worker stress and coping strategies |
 | Individual
and group defusing and debriefing provided |
 | Exit
plan for workers leaving the operation: debriefing, reentry information,
opportunity to critique, and formal recognition for service |

Adapted
from:
U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services. A Guide to Managing Stress in Crisis
Response Professions. DHHS Pub. No. SMA 4113.
Rockville
,
MD
: Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration, 2005.
U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services.
Tips for Managing and Preventing Stress:
A Guide for Emergency and Disaster Response Workers. Center
for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration:
Rockville
,
MD,
2005.
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